Lupus Diagnosis Print ANA-Negative Lupus Symptoms and Tests By Jeri Jewett-Tennant, MPH linkedin Jeri Jewett-Tennant, MPH, is a medical writer and program development manager at the Center for Reducing Health Disparities. Learn about our editorial process Jeri Jewett-Tennant, MPH Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Grant Hughes, MD on April 09, 2020 linkedin Grant Hughes, MD, is board-certified in rheumatology and is the head of rheumatology at Seattle's Harborview Medical Center. Learn about our Medical Review Board Grant Hughes, MD on April 09, 2020 Lupus Overview Symptoms Causes Diagnosis Treatment Coping Smith Collection/Stone / Getty Images In simplest terms, ANA-negative lupus is a condition in which a person’s ANA (antinuclear antibody) immunofluorescence (IF) test comes back negative, but the person exhibits traits consistent with someone diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE; also called lupus). The ANA IF test is an important tool in diagnosing lupus. Overview Typically, if a person tests positive for the antinuclear antibody, it means only that the person could have lupus. Further tests are needed to determine if a person actually has lupus. Those include tests for Sm (Smith), Ro/SSA (Sjogren's syndrome A), La/SSB (Sjogren's syndrome B), and RNP (ribonucleoprotein) antibodies. If the ANA test comes back negative, then it's highly unlikely that the person has lupus. However, in rare instances, a person will have a negative ANF IF test result but exhibit other traits consistent with lupus. Antibody tests and symptoms go hand in hand. Antibodies alone do not diagnose the disease. How Lupus Is Diagnosed Does ANA-Negative Lupus Exist? The general consensus is that ANA-negative lupus is very rare—and is more a term given to patients with “lupus-like” disease. Some physicians might call it “mixed connective tissue disease,” “undifferentiated connective tissue disease,” or “forme fruste lupus”—or “hidden lupus.” Each has specific and separate meaning and describes different forms of illness. In short, the medical community cannot agree as to whether ANA-negative lupus truly exists as a medical condition. Most use it as a way to explain an illness that mimics lupus or may be lupus, but can’t be unequivocally diagnosed as lupus. Put another way, physician Michael D. Lockshin, MD, writes: "The answer to the question, ‘Does ANA-negative lupus exist?’ is technically ‘yes,’ with a large number of buts, and ifs, and whens. Another answer is that the question is not very important. It is never critical to say definitively that a given patient does or does not have lupus. What is important is to evaluate the current symptoms, to put the symptoms into an overall context that includes blood tests, duration of symptoms, other illnesses, and medications, and to develop a treatment plan based on the total information rather than on a blood test alone." Lupus Doctor Discussion Guide Get our printable guide for your next doctor's appointment to help you ask the right questions. Download PDF Email the Guide Send to yourself or a loved one. Sign Up This Doctor Discussion Guide has been sent to {{form.email}}. There was an error. Please try again. Was this page helpful? Thanks for your feedback! Sign up for our Health Tip of the Day newsletter, and receive daily tips that will help you live your healthiest life. Sign Up You're in! Thank you, {{form.email}}, for signing up. There was an error. Please try again. What are your concerns? Other Inaccurate Hard to Understand Submit Article Sources Verywell Health uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read our editorial process to learn more about how we fact-check and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy. Grygiel-górniak B, Rogacka N, Puszczewicz M. Antinuclear antibodies in healthy people and non-rheumatic diseases - diagnostic and clinical implications. Reumatologia. 2018;56(4):243-248. doi:10.5114/reum.2018.77976 Additional Reading ANA Negative Lupus QJM: An International Journal of Medicine. Volume 97, Number 5 Pp. 303-308. The Johns Hopkins Arthritis Center. ANA Negative Lupus. July 2008.