How to Put a Stop to Itching

Itching is a common symptom of allergies and multiple illnesses. It can have many causes - from general irritation to a medication reaction or side effect. Where you are itching can be a clue to what is causing it. 

• Eyes
• Nose
• Throat
• Face
• Skin - all over (generalized) or in one location (localized)

If you have an itch in your genital area, contact your health care provider for guidance. It could be caused by several different types of infections - from basic skin irritation to a sexually transmitted infection (STI). 

Some common causes of itching include:

• The common cold
• Seasonal allergies
• Food or medication allergies
• Rashes
• Eczema
• Dry skin
• Pregnancy
• Parasites - such as head lice and scabies
• Insect bites and stings
• Contact with irritants - such as chemicals or plants like poison ivy

The treatment that is most appropriate is dependent on the cause. If you have dry, itchy skin then lotion may bring relief. If you are experiencing itching due to allergies, an oral allergy medication may be best. Itching from an insect bite or sting is often best treated with a topical anti-itch cream. 

If itching is persistent and bothersome, you should contact your health care provider to get an accurate diagnosis. 

Once you have figured out what is causing your itching, you can figure out how to treat it. Some medication options that can help relieve itching include:

• Antihistamines (medications for itching, sneezing, and runny nose) - this includes diphenhydramine (Benadryl), cetirizine (Zyrtec), loratadine (Claritin), desloratadine (Clarinex) and fexofenadine (Allegra).  Benadryl or generic diphenhydramine is best for allergic reactions - If you experience difficulty breathing, facial or tongue swelling or vomiting accompanied by hives, seek medical attention immediately. These are signs of a life-threatening allergic reaction.
• Anti-itch creams such as corticosteroids may be helpful for itching in small areas. 
• Other medications - if your itchy skin has gotten infected, you may need treatment with antibiotics. If it is caused by another medication you are taking, talk to your healthcare provider about your treatment options. 

If you have itchy skin, but do not need to take medication, or don't want to, these options may help. They can help soothe and calm your itchy skin.

• Cold compresses (cold cloth)
• Lukewarm baths
• Lotions or moisturizers
• Using mild soap
• Oatmeal bath

Things to avoid if you have itchy skin:

• Irritating fabrics (especially wool and polyester)
• High heat
• Humidity
• Scratching
• Long hot baths - although it may provide temporary comfort, bathing in hot water can actually dry out your skin and make itching worse.
• Bubble baths, powders, cornstarch

While it may be difficult not to scratch the itchy skin, using the methods suggested above could help. Try to limit scratching as much as possible since it only irritates the skin further and increases your risk of infection. 

"Pruritis". FamilyDoctor.org Apr 14. American Academy of Family Physicians.