Gynecomastia or Prominent Male Breasts

Gynecomastia is a benign male breast condition in which a male has one or two prominent breasts. This condition does not increase a man's risk of developing male breast cancer. Gynecomastia is one of the symptoms of Klinefelter's syndrome.

Symptoms 

A small, button-shaped lump of breast tissue can be felt under the male nipple, causing tenderness. The male breasts may enlarge unevenly during puberty, as hormones cause overall body changes.

Gynecomastia is common during puberty and usually disappears after a few months.

Causes

• Puberty (hormonal growth and changes during adolescence)
• Estrogen exposure (female hormone present in the body and the environment)
• Androgen exposure (bodybuilding hormones)
• Marijuana use
• Medication side effects

Impact on a Male

Gynecomastia is a benign (non-cancerous) condition, however, some men who have prominent breasts, or uneven breasts, often feel some embarrassment about their body image. This condition can also cause emotional conflict over sexual identity.

Treatment Options

If male breasts are tender as a result of gynecomastia, cold compresses may be applied. Analgesics (pain relievers) may also be used. In the case that there is extra swelling or pain in either or both male breasts, call your doctor for a clinical evaluation. If the condition persists beyond puberty, plastic surgery for breast reduction may be considered.

How Does Gynecomastia Relate to Klinefelter's Syndrome?

Gynecomastia is only one symptom of Klinefelter's syndrome, a condition in which a male has an extra X chromosome. Males usually have one X and one Y chromosome. Some of the other clinical findings associated with Klinefelter's are hypothyroidism, infertility, and testicular cancer.

Klinefelter's syndrome is associated with an increased risk of developing male breast cancer. But if you have gynecomastia, this condition alone does not increase your risk of male breast cancer.