Type 1 Diabetes How to Read Blood Ketone Test Results What the Numbers Mean By Gary Gilles linkedin Gary Gilles is a licensed clinical professional counselor (LCPC) who has written about type 1 diabetes and served as a diabetes counselor. He began writing about diabetes after his son's diagnosis as an infant. Learn about our editorial process Gary Gilles Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Lindsey Waldman, MD, RD on November 17, 2019 linkedin Lindsey Waldman, MD, RD, is a board-certified pediatrician and pediatric endocrinologist. Learn about our Medical Review Board Lindsey Waldman, MD, RD Updated on November 27, 2019 Print If you are living with diabetes, you've most likely had your blood or urine tested for ketones. When your body doesn't have enough insulin to absorb glucose, it breaks down fats for energy, creating chemicals called ketones as a by-product. Everyone produces ketones, but if you have diabetes, you have a greater risk of ketones building up in your blood, which can lead to diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), a condition that can make you ill. In extreme cases, diabetic ketoacidosis can lead to coma and death. People with type 1 diabetes are more likely to develop diabetic ketoacidosis, but those with type 2 are also at risk. Because DKA can be life-threatening, it is critical that you know when and how to test for ketones in your blood and how to interpret the results. Andrew Brookes / Getty Images When to Test for Ketones There are health changes that should look out for if you have diabetes. Your healthcare provider will tell you which circumstances and symptoms warrant a ketone test. Some of these include: A blood glucose level of more than 250 mg/dlSymptoms such as nausea, vomiting, or abdominal painBeing sick (for example, with a cold or flu)Feeling tiredFeeling thirsty or having a very dry mouthHaving flushed skinBreath that smells "fruity"Feeling confused or "in a fog"Being pregnantA recent diagnosis of diabetes All About Ketones and Diabetes How to Test Your Blood for Ketones Testing your urine is one way to detect the presence of ketones, but blood testing is considered more accurate. Blood tests can be done in a lab, but convenient home meters are available and allow you to test right away if you are having symptoms of ketoacidosis. Two popular combination home blood glucose and ketone meters are the Precision Xtra Meter by Abbott Labs and the Nova Max Plus, by Nova Biomedical. When purchasing test strips, keep in mind that each meter requires its own test strips; they are not interchangeable. Pay attention to expiration dates on the strips, both when you receive your purchase and when you test your blood. Expired strips will not give accurate results. The FDA warns against buying previously-owned test strips, as you risk getting a product that hasn't been properly stored and may have expired. The FDA also warns against purchasing strips that have not been cleared for sale in the United States. To get an accurate reading, follow these step-by-step instructions. Load a needle into the lancet pen according to package directions.Wash your hands with soap and dry them well.Remove a test strip from the packaging and insert it into the meter.Place the lancet pen on the side of your fingertip and push the button.Gently squeeze your finger to get a drop of blood. You will need a large drop to load the strip properly. After you do it two or three times, you'll get a sense of how much blood you need. With the Precision meter, you'll need a bigger drop of blood than when you are testing blood glucose (even using the same meter). The Precision meter also requires a bigger drop of blood than the Nova Max (1.5 microliters versus .03 microliters)Touch the end of the test strip to the drop of blood until it fills the little opening and the meter registers.Wait for the meter to give you a reading (just a few seconds).Record your results. Interpreting Your Blood Test Results Ranges have been established to help you interpret your reading. Your results will fall into one of the following three ranges: Below 0.6 mmol/L: If your reading is below 0.6 you are in the normal range.0.6 to 1.5 mmol/L: If your number is in this range you have the presence of ketones in your blood, which may develop into a problem if not treated. You should get in touch with your healthcare provider and follow his or her instructions.Above 1.5 mmol/L: Readings above 1.5 indicate a greater risk for developing ketoacidosis. You should immediately contact your healthcare provider for advice. Medical experts advise that a ketone blood test reading of 3.0 mmol/L may warrant a trip to the nearest emergency room for immediate treatment. A Word From Verywell If you have diabetes, you should discuss home blood ketone testing with your doctor to learn whether it is recommended in your case and when you should perform the testing. Ketone testing is particularly important during periods of illness. When caught early enough, diabetic ketoacidosis can be reversed by administering IV fluids and insulin. Was this page helpful? Thanks for your feedback! Sign up for our Health Tip of the Day newsletter, and receive daily tips that will help you live your healthiest life. Sign Up You're in! Thank you, {{form.email}}, for signing up. There was an error. Please try again. What are your concerns? Other Inaccurate Hard to Understand Submit Article Sources Verywell Health uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read our editorial process to learn more about how we fact-check and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy. American Diabetes Association. Testing for Ketones. Dhatariya K. Blood Ketones: Measurement, Interpretation, Limitations, and Utility in the Management of Diabetic Ketoacidosis. Rev Diabet Stud. 2016;13(4):217–225. doi:10.1900/RDS.2016.13.217 How to Safely Use Glucose Meters and Test Strips for Diabetes. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. 04/10/2019 Kuru B, Sever M, Aksay E, et al. Comparing Finger-stick β-Hydroxybutyrate with Dipstick Urine Tests in the Detection of Ketone Bodies. Turk J Emerg Med. 2016;14(2):47–52. Published 2016 Feb 26. doi:10.5505/1304.7361.2014.14880 Additional Reading Plüddemann A, Heneghan C, Price CP, Wolstenholme J, Thompson M. Point-of-care blood test for ketones in patients with diabetes: primary care diagnostic technology update. Br J Gen Pract. 2011;61(589):530–531. doi:10.3399/bjgp11X588600