Multiple Sclerosis - Man's brain nerves

Primary Progressive MS (PPMS)

Primary Progressive MS (PPMS) is the rarest form that MS can take. The course of PPMS is highly variable, affecting each person differently. Learn about its progression, treatment, and more.

Epstein–Barr virus

Immunotherapy for Epstein-Barr: A Potential MS Treatment

Medically reviewed by Diana Apetauerova, MD

Angry woman on couch

The Role of Anger in Multiple Sclerosis

Medically reviewed by Claudia Chaves, MD

an asian chinese male nurse getting ready to perform MRI scan for a male patient in the MRI room

How Primary Progressive MS Is Diagnosed

Medically reviewed by Diana Apetauerova, MD

Man suffering from primary progressive multiple sclerosis standing near steps

An Overview of Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis (PPMS)

Medically reviewed by Claudia Chaves, MD

Smiling patient talking with doctor while sitting on bed at hospital

How Multiple Sclerosis Is Treated

Medically reviewed by Claudia Chaves, MD

Pensive senior woman

How Late-Onset MS Differs From Young-Onset MS

Medically reviewed by Nicholas R. Metrus, MD

Blood vessel with blood cells

What Is Therapeutic Plasma Exchange (TPE)?

Medically reviewed by Claudia Chaves, MD

Distressed looking man sitting on hospital bed, head in hand, night

RLS Can Ruin Your Sleep and Increase Daytime Fatigue

Medically reviewed by David Ozeri, MD