A man seated at a desk rubbing his lower back

Spinal Conditions

A variety of spinal conditions, such as scoliosis, can cause back and neck pain. Learn how they are diagnosed and what options you may have for treatment.
A woman in a wheelchair enjoying a picnic with her family
How Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) Is Treated
Medically reviewed by Stuart Hershman, MD
Child in wheelchair with parents
How Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) Is Diagnosed
Medically reviewed by Jonathan Cluett, MD
Child at home in a wheelchair
Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA): Symptoms and Complications
Medically reviewed by Stuart Hershman, MD
Explaining spinal nerves and spine structure
Facetectomy: Uses, Procedure, & Results
Medically reviewed by Stuart Hershman, MD
spinal cord
Spinal Cord Compression: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Coping
Medically reviewed by Stuart Hershman, MD
before surgery
10 Things Your Spine Surgeon Should Know Before Surgery
Medically reviewed by Stuart Hershman, MD
Senior couple walking in the woods hand in hand
Tips for Preventing Degenerative Disc Disease
Medically reviewed by Jason DelCollo, DO
Child physiotherapist examining patient spine
5 Scoliosis Treatments You Should Know About
Medically reviewed by Jonathan B. Jassey, DO
Doctor consulting with patient Back problems Physical therapy concept
Painful Facet Joints? It Could Be Hypertrophy
Medically reviewed by Mohamad Hassan, PT, DPT
Annular fissure
Annular Fissure of the Intervertebral Discs
Medically reviewed by Stuart Hershman, MD
Senior man with back pain. Spine physical therapist and paient. chiropractic pain relief therapy. Age related backache
Neuroforaminal Stenosis Defined
Medically reviewed by Stuart Hershman, MD
Mature woman showing medical professional her painful arm
Diagnosing Cervical Radiculopathy
Medically reviewed by Jonathan Cluett, MD
Doctor looking a spine figure with her patient
Central Canal Stenosis Symptoms and Causes
Medically reviewed by Laura Campedelli, PT, DPT
a jogger stretching and touching her toes
Flexion Bias and Your Back Pain
Medically reviewed by Jonathan Cluett, MD
Neuralforaminal Narrowing Treatment
Neuralforaminal Stenosis Treatment
Medically reviewed by Stuart Hershman, MD
Vertebral column
Spinal Synovial Cysts: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment
Medically reviewed by Jonathan Cluett, MD
A doctor examines a young patient's spine.
Levoscoliosis and Dextroscoliosis Scoliosis Directions
Medically reviewed by Laura Campedelli, PT, DPT
Back problems.
Risks of Spinal Fusion for Degenerative Disc Disease
Medically reviewed by Erin Pereira, DPT, OCS
Scoliosis of the spine, artwork
Adult Scoliosis Is a Continuation From Childhood
Medically reviewed by Miho J. Tanaka, MD
Xray image of arthritic spine.
Arthritis in the Neck — Cervical Spondylosis
By Anne Asher, CPT
Doctor checking senior mans back in examination room
Which Doctor to See for Your Specific Spine Issue
Medically reviewed by Laura Campedelli, PT, DPT
Doctor looking at an x-ray of a patient's neck while performing an exam
Does a Referral to a Spine Surgeon Mean Surgery?
Medically reviewed by Scott Sundick, MD
Senior women doing ore stabilization workout on exercise balls
The Basics of Spinal Instability
Medically reviewed by Laura Campedelli, PT, DPT
Woman rubbing sore neck
Why the Scalene Muscles Get Tight
Medically reviewed by Erin Pereira, DPT, OCS
A Doctor Reviewing X-ray Results stock photo
Traction Spurs and Spinal Degeneration
Medically reviewed by Mohamad Hassan, PT, DPT
A woman with shoulder and back pain
Spondylolisthesis: Overview and More
Medically reviewed by Laura Campedelli, PT, DPT
Vertebra or spinal bone
Vertebral Body and Compression Fractures
Medically reviewed by Laura Campedelli, PT, DPT
Surgeons handing forceps in operating room
Retrolisthesis and Spine Surgery
Medically reviewed by Scott Sundick, MD
Tired office worker suffering from neck pain
5 Common Causes of Neck Pain
Medically reviewed by Jonathan Cluett, MD
Woman with neck and shoulder pain
Myofascial Pain Syndrome and Spasm Cycle
Medically reviewed by Chris Vincent, MD
Senior man with neck pain.
2 Common Spinal Conditions in Seniors and the Elderly
Medically reviewed by Laura Campedelli, PT, DPT
Cervical kyphosis is a reversing of the natural curve in the neck (or low back.)
Flat Neck Syndrome Causes and Treatment
Medically reviewed by Isaac O. Opole, MD, PhD
Sacroiliac joint seen from above.
Treatments for Sacroiliac Joint Pain and Dysfunction
Medically reviewed by Miho J. Tanaka, MD
Man with broken neck reading
How a Cervical Fracture Is Treated
Medically reviewed by Jonathan Cluett, MD
A man telling his doctor about his back problems.
Annular Fissure Causes and Treatment
Medically reviewed by Grant Hughes, MD
Surgeon talking with senior patient lying on bed in hospital ward
Adjacent Segment Degeneration After Surgery
Medically reviewed by Scott Sundick, MD
Annular tear and irritated spinal nerve root
Three Ways Your Spinal Discs May Be Causing Your Back Pain
Medically reviewed by Erin Pereira, DPT, OCS
Teenage girl at the doctor with back pain
Scheuermann's Disease: Overview and More
Medically reviewed by Stuart Hershman, MD
A doctor and his patient looking at an x-ray
Intermittent Neurogenic Claudication Overview
Medically reviewed by Laura Campedelli, PT, DPT
Close up unhealthy mature woman touching back, sitting on bed
How Sciatica Is Treated
Medically reviewed by Grant Hughes, MD
Neck bones
Simple Wedge Fractures in the Cervical Spine
Medically reviewed by Laura Campedelli, PT, DPT
Physiotherapy on a woman's neck
Torticollis: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment
Medically reviewed by Laura Campedelli, PT, DPT
Cobb Angle Measurement
How Scoliosis Is Measured by the Cobb Angle
Medically reviewed by Mohamad Hassan, PT, DPT
Man sitting on bed with backache
Cauda Equina Syndrome: Symptoms, Causes,Diagnosis, Treatment
Medically reviewed by Jonathan Cluett, MD
Sciatic back pain
Back Mice Symptoms and Diagnosis
Medically reviewed by Stuart Hershman, MD
A woman in a wheelchair painting on an easel
Spina Bifida: Overview and More
Medically reviewed by Jonathan Cluett, MD
A spine doctor talking to her patient
Clay Shoveler's Fracture Risk and Treatment
Medically reviewed by Laura Campedelli, PT, DPT
Woman holding her back
Lumbar Lordosis: What It Is and How It's Measured
Medically reviewed by Stuart Hershman, MD
surgeons in an operating room
Dural Sac Tears During Spinal Surgery
Medically reviewed by Scott Sundick, MD
Top-and side-view illustration of spinal stenosis
Spinal Stenosis: Overview and More
Medically reviewed by Stuart Hershman, MD
Sacroiliac and low back pain
Inflammatory Arthritis: Types of Active Inflammation
Medically reviewed by Erin Pereira, DPT, OCS
Woman with backache, massaging her back.
Radiculopathy Overview: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment
Medically reviewed by Laura Campedelli, PT, DPT
Young male doctor holding model spine in front of blonde woman with her back to the camera
Arachnoiditis: Overview and More
Medically reviewed by Stuart Hershman, MD
Nerve cells.
Spinal Nerve Roots and Dermatomes
Medically reviewed by Grant Hughes, MD
Boy in wheel chair holding a ball
Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA): Overview and More
Medically reviewed by Laura Campedelli, PT, DPT
Whiplash diagram
Whiplash Injury Recovery Tips
Medically reviewed by Laura Campedelli, PT, DPT
Female doctor and surgeon in discussion over spine model in clinic
Spondylolisthesis Is a Slip of Spinal Vertebrae
Medically reviewed by Stuart Hershman, MD
Whiplash Depiction
What Happens During a Whiplash Injury
Medically reviewed by Jason DelCollo, DO
Male doctor explaining the spine to senior patient
Are There Treatments for Hyperkyphosis in Seniors?
Medically reviewed by Laura Campedelli, PT, DPT
The spine, ribs, pelvis and sacrum
Spinal Anatomy Including Transverse Process and Lamina
Medically reviewed by Erin Pereira, DPT, OCS