Cancer Lung Cancer Non-Small Cell What Is Stage 2 Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer? By Lynne Eldridge, MD Lynne Eldridge, MD Facebook Lynne Eldrige, MD, is a lung cancer physician, patient advocate, and award-winning author of "Avoiding Cancer One Day at a Time." Learn about our editorial process Updated on April 14, 2021 Medically reviewed by Doru Paul, MD Medically reviewed by Doru Paul, MD on September 21, 2020 Doru Paul, MD, is triple board-certified in medical oncology, hematology, and internal medicine. He is an associate professor of clinical medicine at Weill Cornell Medical College and attending physician in the Department of Hematology and Oncology at the New York Presbyterian Weill Cornell Medical Center. Learn about our Medical Review Board Print Medioimages/Photodisc/Digital Vision Table of Contents View All Table of Contents Staging Symptoms Treatment Prognosis Coping Stage 2 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is localized cancer that has not spread beyond one lung or the local lymph nodes on the same side of the chest. Any lung cancer diagnosis is serious, but being in this early stage means your disease is very treatable and your chances for a long-term remission are good. 2:57 An Overview of Staging For Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Staging Determining the stage of lung cancer is very important in choosing the most appropriate treatment. Lung cancer is staged based on the TNM system: T refers to the size of the tumor N refers to the involvement of lymph nodes and where they are located M indicates if there are any metastases (spreading of the tumor to other regions of the body) Stage 2 is divided into stages 2A and 2B. Stage 2B is divided into three possible designations. Stage 2 Lung Cancer Stage T, N, M Designations Description 2A T2b, N0, M0 T2b size: Tumor is more than 4 centimeters (cm) in size, but not greater than 5 cm across and may meet one or more of the following criteria: • Has entered the main bronchus, but not within 2 cm of the point where the windpipe branches to the main bronchi • Has grown into the membranes surrounding the lungs • Partially clogs the airways NO spread: No spread to lymph nodes M0 metastases: No spread to other body parts 2B T1a/T1b/T1c, N1, M0 T1a/T1b/T1c size: Tumor is no larger than 3 cm across, has not grown into the membranes that surround the lungs and does not affect the main branches of the bronchi N1 spread: Cancer has spread to lymph nodes on the same side and/or around the area where the bronchus enters the lung. M0 metastases: No spread to other body parts 2B T2a/T2b, N1, M0 T2a/T2b size: Tumor is larger than 3 cm but not larger than 5 cm across and may meet one or more of the following criteria: • Has grown into a main bronchus, regardless of the distance from where the windpipe splits to main bronchi • Has grown into the membranes surrounding the lungs • Partially clogs the airways N1 spread: Cancer is in the lymph nodes on the same side and/or around the area where the bronchus enters the lung. M0 metastases: No spread to other body parts 2B T3, N1, M0 T3 size: Tumor is larger than 5 cm but not larger than 7 cm across and may meet one or more of the following criteria: • Has grown into the chest wall, the inner lining of the chest wall, nerves that affect breathing, or membranes of the sac surrounding the heart • One lung has two or more separate tumor nodules N0 Spread: No spread to lymph nodes M0 metastases: No spread to other body parts An Overview of Lung Cancer Stages Stage 2 Lung Cancer Symptoms In the early stages of lung cancer, you might not have symptoms. As the disease progresses, though, symptoms may arise while it's still in stage 2. These include: Persistent cough Coughing up blood Shortness of breath Hoarseness Pain in the chest or back Repeated infections, such as pneumonia or bronchitis Since stage 2 lung cancer has not metastasized beyond the lungs, symptoms such as unintentional weight loss and fatigue are less common than in more advanced stages. The symptoms of lung cancer in women may differ from men, and symptoms in non-smokers may differ from current or former smokers. This is important to consider as cases of lung cancer have been increasing among young women who have never smoked, many of whom assume they are not at risk for the disease and miss early signs of a problem. Symptoms of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Treatment Treatment options for stage 2 lung cancer often include a combination of therapies. Surgery Surgery is associated with the greatest likelihood of long-term survival after your diagnosis. There are four main types of surgery for lung cancer: Lobectomy: This removes one of the five lobes of your lungs (three on the right, two on the left). This surgery is often preferred for NSCLC. Wedge resection: A wedge-shaped section of a lobe is removed. This is usually recommended if the tumor is small or there is a concern about surgery affecting lung function. Sleeve resection: This removes part of the lung and a part of the main airway. It may preserve more lung function than other types of surgeries. Pneumonectomy: The entire lung is removed. This is usually only recommended if the tumor’s location prevents less invasive surgeries. Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) is a less invasive technique than traditional open surgery. During VATS, part of the lung may be removed through small incisions in the chest wall. VATS procedures may result in a shorter hospital stay and less post-operative pain. Which procedure your healthcare provider recommends depends on where your tumor is located and your general state of health. Chemotherapy Most oncologists recommend adjuvant chemotherapy (chemotherapy after surgery) for those who undergo surgery for stage 2 lung cancer. The advantage of this type of chemotherapy is that it aims to destroy cancer cells that may have spread beyond the lungs but are not yet visible on any imaging tests. Depending on the location of your tumor, some oncologists may prescribe neoadjuvant chemotherapy—chemotherapy given before surgery to decrease the size of a tumor and make removing the tumor easier. Chemotherapy for Lung Cancer Radiation Therapy Radiation therapy is used to treat stage 2 lung cancer in combination with chemotherapy as adjuvant treatment when the surgical margins are positive. It also presents an option for patients who are unable to have surgery due to the tumor's location or because of other health issues. Other techniques such as proton beam therapy are being evaluated for stage 2 disease. What Does It Mean When Cancer Is Inoperable Genetic Targeting One of the recent advances in lung cancer treatment has been the ability to treat some of these cancers by targeting tumors that have certain mutations that make them susceptible to these very specific treatments. Along with characterizing a tumor based on size and how far it has spread, oncologists are now using genetic testing (molecular profiling) of lung cancer to personalize the diagnosis and treatment. Ongoing Research Targeted therapies and immunotherapy are treatments primarily used for advanced-stage lung cancer, but clinical trials continue to explore the utility of these options. Researchers are looking to see if they can help improve survival rates and reduce the risk of recurrence when these approaches are used for treating early-stage lung cancer. Prognosis The five-year survival rate for stage 2 NSCLC is approximately 35% with treatment. This varies, depending on factors such as the location, size, and characteristics of your particular tumor, as well as your general health. This is in contrast to lung cancer's overall survival rate (just under 19%), partly because only about 16% of NSCLC is diagnosed in the localized stages (stage 1 or stage 2). Keep in mind that survival statistics are often several years old, and newer treatments may not have been available when those numbers were recorded. Getting appropriate treatment is the key to improving your chances of remission. Discuss all your options with your healthcare provider and be hopeful. Treatments are improving every day. Understanding Survival Rates. Risk of Recurrence The overall lung cancer recurrence rate for stage 2 NSCLC is estimated to be about 38%. If a lung cancer recurs, further options are available for treatment. These may include radiation with or without chemotherapy, targeted therapies, or immunotherapy medications. Coping Studies suggest that learning about your disease can improve your outcome. Ask questions. Learn about clinical trials that might be appropriate for you. If you are newly diagnosed with lung cancer, take a moment to breathe and think carefully about your current situation. This is a time to allow others to help you. Look into support groups in your community or online so you can connect with people who understand and have advice to offer. Remember, too, that there are some things you can do yourself that can improve survival with lung cancer. Putting effort into these can give you control of your cancer journey. A Word From Verywell Lung cancer survival rates are improving rapidly. Learn how to advocate for yourself as a cancer patient, seek a second opinion if you feel you need one, and choose a cancer treatment center that you feel confident in. Was this page helpful? Thanks for your feedback! Limiting processed foods and red meats can help ward off cancer risk. These recipes focus on antioxidant-rich foods to better protect you and your loved ones. Sign up and get your guide! Sign Up You're in! Thank you, {{form.email}}, for signing up. There was an error. Please try again. What are your concerns? Other Inaccurate Hard to Understand Submit 12 Sources Verywell Health uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read our editorial process to learn more about how we fact-check and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy. American Cancer Society. Non-small cell lung cancer stages. October 1, 2019. American Cancer Society. Lung cancer signs and symptoms. Updated October 1, 2019. Clément-Duchêne C, Stock S, Xu X, et al. Survival among never-smokers with lung cancer in the cancer care outcomes research and surveillance study. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2016;13(1):58-66. doi:10.1513%2FAnnalsATS.201504-241OC American Cancer Society. Surgery for non-small cell lung cancer. October 1, 2019. Dziedzic D, Orlowski T. The role of VATS in lung cancer surgery: current status and prospects for development. Minim Invasive Surg. 2015;2015:938430. doi:10.1155%2F2015%2F938430 American Cancer Society. Chemotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer. Updated October 1, 2019. American Cancer Society. Treatment choices for non-small cell lung cancer, by stage. Updated October 1, 2019. Gregg JP, Li T, Yoneda KY. Molecular testing strategies in non-small cell lung cancer: optimizing the diagnostic journey. Transl Lung Cancer Res. 2019;8(3):286-301. doi:10.21037/tlcr.2019.04.14 National Cancer Institute. Five-year survival rates. American Lung Association. Lung cancer fact sheet. Updated May 27, 2020. American Cancer Society. Attitudes and cancer. March 31, 2014. American Cancer Society. Lung cancer survival rates. Updated January 9, 2020.