Arthritis Psoriatic Arthritis Stelara for Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis This injected biologic drug inhibits autoimmune inflammation By Carol Eustice facebook Carol Eustice is a writer covering arthritis and chronic illness, who herself has been diagnosed with both rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. Learn about our editorial process Carol Eustice Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Grant Hughes, MD on January 03, 2015 linkedin Grant Hughes, MD, is a board-certified rheumatologist. He is an associate professor at the University of Washington School of Medicine and the head of rheumatology at Seattle’s Harborview Medical Center. Learn about our Medical Review Board Grant Hughes, MD Updated on October 29, 2019 Print Table of Contents View All Table of Contents How It Works Who Can Take It Dosage Side Effects Interactions Contraindications Other Considerations Stelara (ustekinumab) is an injected biologic drug approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of moderate to severe plaque psoriasis or psoriatic arthritis in adults. It works by tempering the autoimmune-induced inflammation that causes skin cells to rapidly multiply and form psoriatic plaques and, with time, can also affect the joints, causing pain, stiffness, and a loss of the range of motion. In September 2016, Stelara was also approved for the treatment of Crohn's disease. Artfoliophoto / Getty Images How It Works Plaque psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis are both autoimmune disorders in which the immune system inexplicably attacks cells in the upper layer of skin (epidermis). Antibodies are what activate the immune response unnecessarily and release inflammatory substances, called cytokines, into the bloodstream. This leads to long-term inflammation that can be damaging to cells. Stelara is a monoclonal antibody—a type of drug manufactured in the lab that is identical to immune cells called antibodies, which work to counteract this response. Stelara works by suppressing two specific cytokines, called interleukin 12 (IL-12) and interleukin 12 (IL-23). Both play a key role in inflammatory diseases like psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. Who Can Take It Stelara is intended for adults 18 and over who are unable to achieve control of moderate to severe plaque psoriasis with topical or oral medications. Stelara can also be used with or without methotrexate for people with psoriatic arthritis. In severe cases (such as a rare complication known as arthritis mutilans), Stelara may be used in first-line combination therapy. When biologic drug therapy is indicated, Stelara is typically the first-line choice, used either alone or with methotrexate. Dosage Stelara is administered as a subcutaneous (under the skin) injection. It is available in 45-mg and 90-mg single-use, prefilled syringes. It is also offered in 45-mg and 90-mg single-use vials. The dose varies based on body weight as follows: For adults 220 pounds (100 kilograms) or less, the recommended dose is 45 milligrams (mg) initially and four weeks later, followed a 45-mg injection every 12 weeks. For adults over 220 pounds, the recommended dose is 90 mg initially and four weeks later, followed a 90-mg injection every 12 weeks. The injection is given in either the upper arm, buttock, thigh, or abdomen. It is important to change the injection site with each dose to avoid fibrosis (scarring) of the underlying tissue. Step-by-Step Guide to Injecting Biologic Drugs for Psoriasis Side Effects As with any other drug, there are side effects associated with Stelara use. Many are the result of immune suppression, in which ongoing use may leave you vulnerable to certain infections. The most common side effects (affecting at least 1% of users) include: Colds Upper respiratory infections Headaches Fatigue Diarrhea Dizziness Back pain Itchiness Muscle aches Less commonly, Stelara can cause the reactivation of tuberculosis (TB). Prior to treatment, people should be tested for TB and treated if an infection is identified. Allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis and angioedema, were not reported in any of the premarket studies but have since been seen in isolated cases. If this occurs, stop Stelara and call your doctor immediately. When to Call 911 Seek emergency care if you experience any of the following after taking Stelara: Skin rashes or hives Shortness of breath Wheezing Dizziness or fainting Swelling of the lips, tongue, or throat Vomiting Diarrhea Rapid heartbeat A feeling of impending doom If left untreated, anaphylaxis can lead to shock, coma, respiratory or heart failure, and death. Interactions Stelara should not be used in people with a known hypersensitivity to ustekinumab or any of the drug's inactive ingredients. Anyone with a previous reaction should not be rechallenged no matter how mild the reaction may have been. Stelara should be used with caution with other immune-suppressive drugs. The accumulative effect may leave you vulnerable to a wider range of serious infections. The drugs are not outright contraindicated for use with Stelara (and may, in fact, be beneficial when prescribed correctly), but they should be prescribed and carefully managed by the rheumatologist overseeing your care. Among the medications of special concern: Cyclosporine Decadron (dexamethasone) Imuran (azathioprine) Medrol (methylprednisolone) Methotrexate Prednisone Prograf (tacrolimus) Rapamune (sirolimus) It is vital that you advise your rheumatologist if any of these drugs are prescribed by another doctor. Your rheumatologist should also be aware of any other drugs you take, be them pharmaceutical, over-the-counter, or recreational. Contraindications Because your immune system is actively suppressed by Stelara, you will need to avoid certain live attenuated vaccines. These are vaccines made with deactivated but still living viruses. If used, the vaccine may actually instigate the disease it was meant to prevent. The vaccines you need to avoid without exception include: Adenovirus types 4 and 7, live (oral) Herpes zoster vaccine, live Influenza virus vaccine quadrivalent, live Influenza virus vaccine trivalent, live Measles (rubeola) vaccine Measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, live Poliovirus vaccine, live (oral) Rotavirus vaccine, live (oral) Rubella vaccine Smallpox vaccine, live Varicella-zoster vaccine, live Yellow fever vaccine Moreover, people should not receive the Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine, used to prevent TB, one year prior to treatment or for one year after Stelara has been stopped. If a vaccine is recommended, ask your doctor if it is live or inactivated (killed). You should also double-check with your rheumatologist to ensure it is safe. Psoriatic Arthritis Doctor Discussion Guide Get our printable guide for your next doctor's appointment to help you ask the right questions. Download PDF Email the Guide Send to yourself or a loved one. Sign Up This Doctor Discussion Guide has been sent to {{form.email}}. There was an error. Please try again. Other Considerations Stelara should not be used if you have an active infection of any sort, as it suppresses the immune response and makes it harder for the body to fight back. According to premarket research issued by the FDA, serious infections occurred in 0.9% of Stelara users as a result of the drug's immunosuppressive effects. Stelara may also increase the risk of certain cancers, most especially squamous cell skin cancer. With that being said, it doesn't appear to "cause" cancer but rather promote the development of the disease in people with pre-existing risk factors. Anyone treated with Stelara should be monitored for non-melanoma skin malignancies. There have yet to be any well-controlled studies investigating the use of Stelara during pregnancy. The drug is currently classified as Pregnancy Category B, meaning that animal studies have not shown any evidence of fetal harm. If you are pregnant, planning to get pregnant, or breastfeeding, speak with your rheumatologist to fully weigh the benefits and risks of Stelara use. Overcoming Your Fears of Self-Injection Was this page helpful? Thanks for your feedback! Dealing with chronic inflammation? An anti-inflammatory diet can help. Our free recipe guide shows you the best foods to fight inflammation. Get yours today! Sign Up You're in! Thank you, {{form.email}}, for signing up. There was an error. Please try again. What are your concerns? Other Inaccurate Hard to Understand Submit Article Sources Verywell Health uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read our editorial process to learn more about how we fact-check and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Highlights of Prescribing Information: Stelara (ustekinumab) Injection, for subcutaneous use. Published September 2016. Deepak P, Loftus EV Jr. Ustekinumab in treatment of Crohn's disease: design, development, and potential place in therapy. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2016;10:3685–3698. Published 2016 Nov 11. doi:10.2147/DDDT.S102141 National Psoriasis Foundation. FDA determinations for pregnant and nursing women.