What Is a Syphilis Sore (Chancre)?

Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection. It can cause sores on the body known as chancres. These can appear in the genital area as well as other parts of the body, like the anus.

Learn more about chancres, where they are found, other symptoms that may accompany them, how syphilis is diagnosed, and when to see a healthcare provider.

Signs of a Syphilis Sore (Chancre)

A chancre is a sore that forms on the body. It is often one of the first indications of a syphilis infection.

Appearance

In the primary stage of syphilis, a single sore or multiple sores may appear. They will typically (but not always) be round and firm. They may not be noticeable, as they are usually painless. The sore will usually be present for three to six weeks.

Location

Chancres will appear in places where a syphilis infection has entered the body. This can be in or around the:

• Vagina
• Penis
• Rectum
• Anus
• Lips
• Mouth

Additional Symptoms of Syphilis

Chancres aren't the only symptom that may occur with syphilis. Other possible symptoms include:

• Swollen glands in the armpits, groin, or neck
• Headache
• Pain in the joints
• Fever
• A blotchy red rash (most commonly on the palms and the soles of the feet)
• Hair loss that is patchy
• White patches found in the mouth
• Skin growths that are similar in appearance to genital warts
  

When to See a Healthcare Provider

Anyone who has symptoms of syphilis should contact their healthcare provider.

Those who engage in certain behaviors would also benefit from speaking with a medical professional. These include:

• Those who have had intimate contact with someone who has tested positive for syphilis or other STIs
• Those who engage in sexual practices considered high risk, like having multiple or unknown sexual partners

Diagnosis

The only way to definitively diagnose syphilis is through testing. A healthcare provider may use a variety of tests to reach a diagnosis. These may include:

• A swab test takes fluid from sores to be tested.
• A physical exam involves a healthcare provider examining the genital area and other areas for sores and rashes.
• A blood test can indicate if syphilis is present or if an infection has occurred in the past.
  

Treatment

Syphilis can be treated with antibiotics. However, antibiotics may not treat any lasting damage caused by a syphilis infection.

Antibiotics that may be used include penicillin G benzathine or—for those with allergies to penicillin—doxycycline.

Summary

Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection. It can produce sores on the body known as chancres. These may appear on the genitals, rectum, anus, mouth, and lips.

Syphilis can spread by intimate contact with someone who has chancres. However, the infection can also be spread between infected people who don't have sores.

Syphilis can be diagnosed through a variety of tests and treated with antibiotics. Although chancres may go away on their own without treatment, treatment is necessary to prevent syphilis from progressing to more serious stages of infection that can be life threatening.

A Word From Verywell

Sexually transmitted infections can be uncomfortable. But if you are dealing with symptoms that concern you or suspect you may have syphilis, there is help available. Don't hesitate to reach out to your healthcare provider for support.