Patient Rights Treatment Decisions & Safety How to Read the Drug Facts Label By Michael Bihari, MD Michael Bihari, MD Michael Bihari, MD, is a board-certified pediatrician, health educator, and medical writer, and president emeritus of the Community Health Center of Cape Cod. Learn about our editorial process Fact checked by James Lacy Fact checked by James Lacy on December 11, 2020 LinkedIn James Lacy, MLS, is a fact checker and researcher. James received a Master of Library Science degree from Dominican University. Learn about our editorial process on December 11, 2020 Medically reviewed by Jenny Sweigard, MD Medically reviewed by Jenny Sweigard, MD on January 12, 2020 LinkedIn Jenny Sweigard, MD, is a board-certified physician involved in patient care, including general medicine and critical care medicine. Learn about our Medical Review Board Print The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) requires all over-the-counter (OTC) medications to have a Drug Facts label. This label provides basic information about a drug’s ingredients, instructions for use, and important safety cautions and interactions. This information will help you to select the correct medication and to use it properly. The Drug Facts label is only required for OTC drugs, and it is not used for dietary supplements, such as vitamins, minerals, and herbal remedies. SDI Productions / Getty Images Always Read the Label The FDA requires the labels on all OTC medicines to have the information listed in the same order, to be arranged in a simple eye-catching, consistent style, and to contain words that are easy to understand. Since you may be taking an OTC medication without seeing your practitioner, it is important that you read and understand the information on the label. If you are not sure what the information means or you are concerned about interactions with other medications you are taking, talk to your pharmacist or healthcare provider. If you have a problem with your vision, ask a friend or family member to read the label for you. Tamper-Evident Packaging Although not required by the FDA, many makers of OTC medications use tamper-evident containers for their products. This is to help protect you from possible criminal behavior. The label on medications with tamper-evident packaging will have a statement on the package describing this safety feature, such as: “TAMPER EVIDENT: DO NOT USE IF PRINTED SEAL AROUND CAP IS BROKEN OR MISSING” If you think the package has been tampered with in any way, do not buy the medication. Take it to the pharmacist, store manager, or clerk to make them aware of the damage. What’s on the Drug Facts Label? Active Ingredient The active ingredient is the part of the medication that is responsible for the medication’s effect. It is listed first on the label along with the amount or dose of medication in each pill or teaspoon of liquid. This section will also tell you the purpose of the medication. Do not take two medications with the same active ingredient at the same time unless recommended by your healthcare provider or pharmacist. Uses This section of the drug label tells you about what symptoms and health conditions the FDA have approved for this medication to treat or prevent. Warnings This section of the drug label includes the following types of warnings: When not to use the medicationConditions that may require advice from your healthcare provider before you use the medicationPossible interactions with other drugs and foodPossible side effects of the medicationWhen to stop taking the medication and when to contact a practitionerWhat to do if you are pregnant or breastfeedingA warning to keep the medication out of a child’s reach Directions This section of the drug label tells you how much of the medication to take, how to take it, and how often to take it. Moreover, the directions will tell you the correct method for using the medication for children and adults. Follow the directions carefully. If you take too little of the medication you may not have the desired effect and if you take too much of the medication you may have unpleasant side effects. Other Information This section of the drug label tells you how to store the medication and how much sodium, potassium, and calcium the product contains if any. Inactive Ingredients This section of the drug label tells you about substances in the medication that are not intended to treat your symptoms or health condition. These substances may include colors, flavors, preservatives, and materials that bind the pill together. It is important that you be aware of these ingredients because they can cause allergic reactions in some people. The Label May Also Tell You: The expiration date or the date after which you should not use the medicationLot number or batch code from the medication’s manufacturer to help identify the productName and address of the manufacturer, packer, or distributorHow much of the medication is in each packageWhat to do if you take an overdose of the medication Example of a Drug Label An example of a drug label using information from an aspirin bottle: Active ingredient(in each tablet)Aspirin 325 mg PurposePain reliever/fever reducer Usesprovides temporary relief of HeadacheToothacheMuscle painPain and fever of coldsMenstrual painMinor pain of arthritis WarningsReye’s syndrome: Children and teenagers should not use this medicine for chicken pox or flu symptoms before a healthcare provider is consulted about Reye’s syndrome, a rare but serious illness reported to be associated with aspirin. Alcohol warning: If you consume 3 or more alcoholic drinks every day, ask your practitioner whether you should take aspirin or other pain relievers/fever reducers. Aspirin may cause stomach bleeding. Do not use if you are allergic to aspirin. Ask a healthcare provider before use if you have AsthmaStomach problems that persist or recurUlcersBleeding problems Ask a healthcare provider or pharmacist before use if you are taking a prescription drug for Anticoagulation (blood thinning)DiabetesGoutArthritis Stop using and ask a healthcare provider if Pain worsens or lasts more than 10 daysFever worsens or lasts more than 3 daysNew symptoms occurRedness or swelling is presentRinging in the ears or loss of hearing occurs If pregnant or breastfeeding, ask a health professional before use. It is especially important not to use aspirin during the last 3 months of pregnancy unless specifically directed to do so by a healthcare provider because it may cause problems in the unborn child or complications during delivery. Keep out of reach of children.In case of accidental overdose, get medical help or contact a Poison Control Center right away. Directions Adults: 1 to 2 tablets with water. dosage may be repeated every 4 hours, not to exceed 12 tablets in 24 hours.Children under 12: consult a healthcare provider. Other InformationStore at controlled room temperature 15°-30°C (59°-86°F) Inactive ingredientshypromellose, starch, titanium dioxide Was this page helpful? Thanks for your feedback! Sign up for our Health Tip of the Day newsletter, and receive daily tips that will help you live your healthiest life. Sign Up You're in! Thank you, {{form.email}}, for signing up. There was an error. Please try again. What are your concerns? Other Inaccurate Hard to Understand Submit 1 Source Verywell Health uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read our editorial process to learn more about how we fact-check and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy. U.S. Food & Drug Administration. OTC drug facts label. Updated June 5, 2015.