Urological Health

What You Should Know About FENa (Fractional Excretion of Sodium)

Medically reviewed by Anisha Shah, MD

Testicle Pain Cause and Treatment

Medically reviewed by Grant Hughes, MD

Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney: Symptoms, Causes, and Diagnosis

Medically reviewed by Rony Kampalath, MD

Lacerated Kidney: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment

Medically reviewed by Jamin Brahmbhatt, MD

Frequent Urination: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

Orchiopexy Procedures: What to Expect

Medically reviewed by Jamin Brahmbhatt, MD

Kidney Pain: Causes, Treatment, and When to See a Doctor

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

Intravenous Pyelogram: Uses, Side Effects, Procedure, Results

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

Persistent Cloaca: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment

Medically reviewed by Joel Forman, MD

Pelvic Organ Prolapse (POP) Surgery: Prep & Recovery

Medically reviewed by Jamin Brahmbhatt, MD

Possible Causes of Blood in Urine (Hematuria)

Medically reviewed by Brian Levine, MD

Is It Dangerous to Hold Your Pee?

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

Talking to Your Son About Men’s Health Issues

Medically reviewed by Jonathan B. Jassey, DO

Phalloplasty: Overview

Medically reviewed by Richard N. Fogoros, MD

Cystoscopy: Uses, Side Effects, Procedure, Results

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

Female Urology and External Sexual Anatomy

Medically reviewed by Richard N. Fogoros, MD

Diabetes Insipidus: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

What Does Cloudy Urine Mean?

Medically reviewed by Jamin Brahmbhatt, MD

Urethral Diverticulum: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment

Medically reviewed by Jamin Brahmbhatt, MD

Urethrotomy: Uses, Side Effects, Procedure, and Results

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

Brand Name Drugs Commonly Prescribed in Urology

Medically reviewed by Susan Olender, MD

What Does It Mean if Your Urine Is Orange?

Medically reviewed by Jamin Brahmbhatt, MD

6 Big Urological Issues for Little Boys

Medically reviewed by Jonathan B. Jassey, DO

ESWL Treatment for Kidney Stones

Medically reviewed by Jamin Brahmbhatt, MD

6 Urological Emergencies That Can Be Treated

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

Possible Causes of Blood in Urine in Men

Medically reviewed by Jamin Brahmbhatt, MD

Low Testosterone: Overview and More

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

Unusual Urine Color, Odor, or Appearance

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

What Are Body Fluids Made Of?

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

An Overview of Endourology Procedures

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

Peyronie’s Disease: How to Prevent This Penis Injury

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

Urinalysis: Uses, Side Effects, Procedure, Results

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

Orchitis or Swollen Testicles

Medically reviewed by Jason DelCollo, DO

Tips For Preventing Kidney Stones

Medically reviewed by Jamin Brahmbhatt, MD

Before You Try a Kidney Cleanse

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

Kidney Stone: Overview and More

Medically reviewed by Susan Olender, MD

Urologist: Expertise, Specialties, and Training

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

The Causes of Blood in Your Urine

Medically reviewed by Jamin Brahmbhatt, MD

Epispadias: Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Outlook

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

Alport Syndrome: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

Vesicoureteral Reflux: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

The Different Types of Hernia in Men

Medically reviewed by Jamin Brahmbhatt, MD

Tips for Keeping Your Urinary Tract System Healthy

Medically reviewed by Jamin Brahmbhatt, MD

Symptoms and Treatment of Inguinal Hernia

Medically reviewed by Anita C. Chandrasekaran, MD, MPH

Overview of Hypospadias Male Birth Defect

Medically reviewed by Lyndsey Garbi, MD

An Overview of Gerota's Fascia

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) Test

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

Urethral Stricture: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment

Medically reviewed by Jamin Brahmbhatt, MD

Male Yeast Infection Causes and Symptoms

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

The Buttonhole Technique: What It Is and Why It’s Used

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

An Overview of Ureterocele

Medically reviewed by Richard N. Fogoros, MD

Bladder Exstrophy: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

Urethral Pain: Causes, Treatment, When to See a Doctor

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

Pyuria Diagnosis and Treatment

Medically reviewed by Jamin Brahmbhatt, MD

What Is an Urachal Remnant?

Medically reviewed by Jonathan B. Jassey, DO

Urinary Incontinence: Overview and More

Medically reviewed by Danielle Weiss, MD

Microalbuminuria: Symptoms, Causes, and Diagnosis

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

Polyuria: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

What Is a Voiding Cystourethrogram?

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

What to Expect During a Cystogram

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

Hydronephrosis: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

Painful Urination and Burning (Dysuria)

Medically reviewed by Richard N. Fogoros, MD

What Is Transient Incontinence?

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

How Often Should You Pee or Urinate?

Medically reviewed by Jamin Brahmbhatt, MD

Interstitial Cystitis (IC) Causes and Symptoms

Medically reviewed by Jamin Brahmbhatt, MD

Overactive Bladder in Men: Signs, Symptoms, and Treatments

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

Bladder Infection: Overview and More

Medically reviewed by Andy Miller, MD

Urinary Incontinence and Bladder Control

Medically reviewed by Jamin Brahmbhatt, MD

Bladder Control Problems Treatment and Devices

Medically reviewed by Jamin Brahmbhatt, MD

Myrbetriq: Uses, Side Effects, Dosages

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

Interstitial Cystitis and Natural Remedies

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

Causes of Frequent Urination at Night

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

Symptoms of Bladder Outlet Obstruction

Medically reviewed by Jamin Brahmbhatt, MD

Doctors Who Diagnose and Treat Urinary Incontinence

Medically reviewed by Jamin Brahmbhatt, MD

UTI in Men: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment

Medically reviewed by Chris Vincent, MD

How to Use Vaginal Weights for Incontinence

Medically reviewed by Brian Levine, MD

Overview of Neurogenic Bladder

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

A Guide to Overactive Bladder

Urinary Tract Infection (UTI): Overview and More

Medically reviewed by Brian Levine, MD

Urinary Tract Infections: Symptoms and Complications

Medically reviewed by Brian Levine, MD

UTIs: Causes and Risk Factors

Medically reviewed by Michael Menna, DO

How UTIs Are Diagnosed

Medically reviewed by Michael Menna, DO

How a Urinary Tract Infection Is Treated

Medically reviewed by Michael Menna, DO

Preventing a Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)

Medically reviewed by Anita Sadaty, MD

UTIs: Coping, Support, and Living Well

Medically reviewed by Michael Menna, DO

Nitrofurantoin: Uses, Side Effects, Dosages, Precautions

By James Myhre & Dennis Sifris, MD

Are Urinary Tract Infections (UTI) Contagious?

Medically reviewed by Jamin Brahmbhatt, MD

D-Mannose: Benefits, Side Effects, Dosage, and Interactions

Medically reviewed by Lana Butner, ND, LAc

Catheter Associated Urinary Tract Infection (CAUTI)

Medically reviewed by Anita Sadaty, MD

Learn About Chronic Urinary Tract Infections and Sex

Medically reviewed by Brian Levine, MD

Anion Gap: Purpose, Indications, Interpreting Results

By Shamard Charles, MD, MPH

Osteodystrophy: Overview and More

By James Myhre & Dennis Sifris, MD

Hectorol: Uses, Side Effects, Dosages, Precautions

Medically reviewed by Jamin Brahmbhatt, MD

Diabetic Nephropathy: Overview and More

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction: Symptoms, Cause, Diagnosis, and Treatment

By Colleen Doherty, MD

Hypernatremia: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment

Medically reviewed by Isaac O. Opole, MD, PhD

Renal Cell Carcinoma: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment

Medically reviewed by Doru Paul, MD

Uric Acid Test: Uses, Side Effects, Procedures, Results

Medically reviewed by Kashif J. Piracha, MD

Albumin Test: Uses, Side Effects, Procedure, and Results

Medically reviewed by Kashif J. Piracha, MD

Retrograde Pyelogram: Procedure, Side Effects, Results

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

Renal Tubular Acidosis: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment

Medically reviewed by Kashif J. Piracha, MD

Calcium Blood Test: Uses, Side Effects, Procedure, and Results

Medically reviewed by Ana Maria Kausel, MD

Cortisol Test: Uses, Side Effects, Procedure, Results

Medically reviewed by Elizabeth Molina Ortiz, MD, MPH

What to Expect During a Sodium Blood Test

Medically reviewed by Kashif J. Piracha, MD

Subjective Global Assessment: Uses, Procedure, Results

Medically reviewed by Anita C. Chandrasekaran, MD, MPH

Globulin Test: Uses, Side Effects, Procedure, Results

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

Microzide: Uses, Side Effects, and Dosages

Medically reviewed by Richard N. Fogoros, MD

Examining the Link Between Heart and Kidney Disease

Medically reviewed by Yasmine S. Ali, MD, MSCI

Kidney Disease: Signs and Symptoms

Medically reviewed by Andy Miller, MD

How Acute Renal Failure Is Diagnosed

Medically reviewed by Andy Miller, MD

Acute Interstitial Nephritis

Medically reviewed by Kashif J. Piracha, MD

Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD): The Basics

Medically reviewed by Kashif J. Piracha, MD

Acute Renal Failure: Signs and Symptoms

Medically reviewed by Andy Miller, MD

Hepatitis C Damage and Your Kidneys

Medically reviewed by Kashif J. Piracha, MD

How Chronic Kidney Disease Is Treated

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

Reducing Risk of Cancer After a Kidney Transplant

By Veeraish Chauhan, MD

Understanding Horseshoe Kidney

Medically reviewed by Kashif J. Piracha, MD

Treatment of Polycystic Kidney Disease

By Veeraish Chauhan, MD

How Acute Renal Failure Is Treated

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

Understanding Kidney Function Test Results

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

Potassium and Its Profound Impact on Your Health

Medically reviewed by Kashif J. Piracha, MD

Coffee's Effect on the Kidneys

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

5 Treatment Options for IgA Nephropathy

Medically reviewed by Kashif J. Piracha, MD

Hepatitis B: Can It Cause Kidney Disease?

By Veeraish Chauhan, MD

Kidney Infection: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment

Medically reviewed by Michael Menna, DO

Do You Continue to Make Urine After Starting Dialysis?

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

Acid-Base Balance and Abnormalities

Medically reviewed by Jamin Brahmbhatt, MD

Overview of Renal Cysts

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

Drug for Diabetic Kidney Failure Treatment

By Veeraish Chauhan, MD

Dialysis Disequilibrium Syndrome Overview

By Veeraish Chauhan, MD

Types of Vascular Access for Dialysis

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen) Test: Uses, Procedures, and Results

Medically reviewed by Jamin Brahmbhatt, MD

Creatinine Tests: Uses, Side Effects, Procedure, Results

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

How to Make Sense of Nephrotic Syndrome

Medically reviewed by Kashif J. Piracha, MD

Acute Renal Failure: Overview and More

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

How to Get on a Kidney Transplant Waiting List

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

What to Expect at a Kidney Ultrasound

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

Overview of Rhabdomyolysis

Medically reviewed by Kashif J. Piracha, MD

Using the DASH Diet For Kidney Disease

By Veeraish Chauhan, MD

Vaccines for Kidney Disease Patients

Medically reviewed by Kashif J. Piracha, MD

Chronic Kidney Disease: Coping, Support, and Living Well

Medically reviewed by Richard N. Fogoros, MD

Protein in the Urine? What's the Big Deal?

Medically reviewed by Rochelle Collins, DO

Energy Drinks' Effect on Kidneys and Health

Medically reviewed by Kashif J. Piracha, MD

Overview of Dialysis for Kidney Failure

Medically reviewed by Richard N. Fogoros, MD

Electrolyte Problems in Kidney Disease

Medically reviewed by Kashif J. Piracha, MD

Causes and Treatment of Itching In Dialysis Patients

Medically reviewed by Kashif J. Piracha, MD

Neuropathy in Patients With Kidney Disease

By Veeraish Chauhan, MD

Complications of Peritoneal Dialysis and Peritonitis

Medically reviewed by Kashif J. Piracha, MD

Acute Renal Failure: Causes and Risk Factors

Medically reviewed by Richard N. Fogoros, MD

The Structure and Function of the Kidneys

By Veeraish Chauhan, MD

How Chronic Kidney Disease Is Diagnosed

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

Chronic Kidney Disease: Causes and Risk Factors

Medically reviewed by Andy Miller, MD

When You Should See a Kidney Doctor

Medically reviewed by Jamin Brahmbhatt, MD

Is Dialysis Your Best Option?

Medically reviewed by Kashif J. Piracha, MD

Everything You Need to Know About Hepatorenal Syndrome

Medically reviewed by Kashif J. Piracha, MD

Are Artificial Sweeteners Safe?

Medically reviewed by Kashif J. Piracha, MD

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD): Overview and More

Medically reviewed by Anita C. Chandrasekaran, MD, MPH

Gitelman Syndrome Is a Kidney Disorder

Medically reviewed by Caitilin Kelly, MD

IgA Nephropathy Autoimmune Kidney Disease

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

Bartter Syndrome: Overview and more

Medically reviewed by Caitilin Kelly, MD

Everything You Need to Know About Cardiorenal Syndrome

Medically reviewed by Kashif J. Piracha, MD

The 4 Best At-Home Kidney Tests of 2020

By Rachael Zimlich, BSN, RN

Treating Low Blood Pressure From Hemodialysis

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

5 Complications of Hemodialysis

Medically reviewed by Kashif J. Piracha, MD

Complications at Hemodialysis: Access Issues

Medically reviewed by Kashif J. Piracha, MD

Circumcisoin: Timing, Benefits, Risks, Prevalence

By Kelly Burch

Epididymis: Anatomy, Function, and Treatment

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

Everything You Need to Know About an Orchiectomy

Medically reviewed by Richard N. Fogoros, MD

Peyronie's Disease: Treatment, Procedures, Therapies

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

Epididymal Cyst: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

One Testicle Bigger Than the Other? Is it Normal or Problematic?

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

What Is This Bump or Rash on My Penis?

Medically reviewed by Jamin Brahmbhatt, MD

Symptoms and Signs of Penis Infection Caused by an STI

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

Testicular Torsion: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment

Medically reviewed by Jamin Brahmbhatt, MD

Causes of Morning Erections in Men

Medically reviewed by Jamin Brahmbhatt, MD

What Is a Micropenis and Do I Have One?

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

Can Your Penis Get Smaller Permanently?

Medically reviewed by Jason DelCollo, DO

Does Exercise Work to Increase Penis Size?

Medically reviewed by Jason DelCollo, DO

Recognizing and Treating a Penile Fracture

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

At What Age Does Penis Growth Begin?

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

Statistics, Causes, and Symptoms of Penis Cancer

Medically reviewed by Doru Paul, MD

Peyronie's Disease: Overview and More

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

Delayed Ejaculation: Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Coping

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

Androgen Insensitivity: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment

Medically reviewed by Joel Forman, MD

Safety and Risks of Penis Piercings

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

Penile Cancer and a Partial or Total Penectomy

Medically reviewed by Doru Paul, MD

Penile Implant Surgery: Preparation, Recovery, Long-Term Care

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

What to Know About Penis Enlargement and Augmentation

Medically reviewed by Casey Gallagher, MD

Phimosis and Paraphimosis of the Foreskin

Medically reviewed by Jamin Brahmbhatt, MD

The Inflammation of the Penis Head, or Balanitis

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

Factors to Consider in the Male Circumcision Decision

Medically reviewed by Sarah Rahal, MD

Serotonin’s Role in the Biology of Male Ejaculation

Medically reviewed by Jason DelCollo, DO

Shock Wave Therapy for Erectile Dysfunction

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

Corpus Cavernosa Injections: Uses, Procedure, Results

Medically reviewed by Jamin Brahmbhatt, MD

Erectile Dysfunction: Coping, Support, and Living Well

Medically reviewed by Jamin Brahmbhatt, MD

Erectile Dysfunction (ED): Overview and More

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

Erectile Dysfunction: Signs, Symptoms, and Complications

Medically reviewed by Richard N. Fogoros, MD

Causes and Risk Factors of Erectile Dysfunction

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

How Erectile Dysfunction Is Diagnosed

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

How Erectile Dysfunction Is Treated

By Jerry Kennard

Peyronie's Disease: Coping, Support, and Living Well

Medically reviewed by Lauren Schlanger, MD

What to Expect From Peyronie's Disease Surgery

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

Xiaflex: Uses, Side Effects, Dosages, Precautions

Medically reviewed by Violetta Shamilova, PharmD

How Peyronie's Disease Is Diagnosed

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

Peyronie's Disease: Causes and Risk Factors

Medically reviewed by Jamin Brahmbhatt, MD

Peyronie’s Disease: Signs, Symptoms, and Complications

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

External Penile Prostheses for Erectile Dysfunction Treatment

Medically reviewed by Susan Olender, MD

How Viagra Works and Side Effects

Medically reviewed by Chris Vincent, MD

Can DHEA Increase Men's Testosterone Levels?

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

Buying Effective Supplements for ED

By Jesse Mills, MD

PDE5 Inhibitors: Uses, Side Effects, Dosages, Precautions

By Rod Brouhard, EMT-P

Using Cozaar (Losartan) to Treat Erectile Dysfunction

Medically reviewed by Richard N. Fogoros, MD

What Are the Causes of Priapism?

Medically reviewed by Jamin Brahmbhatt, MD

Guide to Erectile Dysfunction

An Overview of Testosterone Replacement Therapy

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

Types of Prostate Surgery In Detail

Medically reviewed by Scott Sundick, MD

Enlarged Prostate (BPH) Surgery

Medically reviewed by Scott Sundick, MD

What to Expect During a Prostate Examination

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

Prostatitis: Overview and More

Medically reviewed by Jamin Brahmbhatt, MD

A Guide to Prostate Massage: Medical and Sexual Uses

Medically reviewed by Caitilin Kelly, MD

Facts About Flomax (Tamsulosin) and Flomax Generics

Medically reviewed by Violetta Shamilova, PharmD

What to Expect During a Prostate Exam With Your Doctor

Medically reviewed by Chris Vincent, MD

Prostate Gland Anatomy and Size

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

Herbs for an Enlarged Prostate

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

Tadalafil Helps Twice With Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

How to Prepare for After Prostate Cancer Surgery

Medically reviewed by Scott Sundick, MD

Why Cold Medicine May Affect a Man's Ability to Pee

Medically reviewed by Jamin Brahmbhatt, MD

How Is an Enlarged Prostate (BPH) Diagnosed?

Medically reviewed by Matthew Wosnitzer, MD

Treatments for Enlarged Prostate

Medically reviewed by Jason DelCollo, DO