Cold & Flu Treatment Over the Counter What You Should Know About Delsym Cough Syrup How the formulation differs from other cough medicine By Kristina Duda, RN Kristina Duda, RN Facebook LinkedIn Twitter Kristina Duda, BSN, RN, CPN, has been working in healthcare since 2002. She specializes in pediatrics and disease and infection prevention. Learn about our editorial process Updated on April 02, 2020 Medically reviewed by Michael Menna, DO Medically reviewed by Michael Menna, DO on January 07, 2020 Michael Menna, DO, is a board-certified, active attending emergency medicine physician at White Plains Hospital in White Plains, New York. Learn about our Medical Review Board Print Table of Contents View All Table of Contents Active Ingredient Dosage Side Effects Contraindications Overdose Warning Delsym is a brand of cough syrup made with a time-released formulation of a drug called dextromethorphan. Dextromethorphan is found in many brand-name cough, cold, and flu remedies, including Robitussin, Dimetapp, and Theraflu. It is used for the temporary relief of a cough caused by minor throat and bronchial irritation as well as inhaled irritants. Zero Creatives/Image Source/Getty Images Active Ingredient Delsym stands apart from other dextromethorphan-based formulations in that the active ingredient is surrounded by an edible plastic called polistirex. When ingested, the plastic molecule is slowly dissolved by stomach acid, releasing the drug in the body over 12 hours. It is the only such over-the-counter cough medication to do so. One teaspoon (5 mL) of dextromethorphan polistirex is equivalent to 30 mL of dextromethorphan. Recommended Dosage Delsym can be used in adults and children over four. It should not be used in children under four unless directed by a healthcare provider. The recommended dosage is as follows:Adults and children 12 and over: two teaspoons (10 mL) every 12 hours, not to exceed four teaspoons (20 mL) in 24 hoursChildren six to under 12: one teaspoon (5 mL) every 12 hours, not to exceed two teaspoons (10 mL) in 24 hoursChildren four to under six: one-half teaspoon (2.5 mL) every 12 hours, not to exceed one teaspoon (5 mL) in 24 hours Common Side Effects While Delsym is considered safe if used as directed, it can cause side effects in some, most of which are mild and self-limiting. Among the most common side effects are: DrowsinessDizzinessFatigueNauseaStomach acheVomitingConstipationJitterinessItchinessRash Contraindications and Considerations Do not take Delsym if you are taking a monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) or have taken one in the past two weeks. MAOIs are a class of drug used to treat depression, anxiety, and other mood disorders. You should stop taking Delsym and call your healthcare provider if your symptoms worsen, last for more than seven days, or are accompanied by a fever lasting for more than three days. For children, the same rules apply if the symptoms last for more than five days. Overdose Warning Dextromethorphan is used recreationally by some and, when taken in excess, can cause a dissociative hallucinogenic state similar to the drugs ketamine and PCP. Symptoms include a distorted "out of body" sensation, euphoria, excitement, and a loss of sense of time. It is easy to overdose on dextromethorphan with as little a three times the recommended dose. The effects can vary depending on body size and previous exposure to the drug. If you overdose on dextromethorphan, the side effects can be serious and may include: Blurred vision or double visionHigh blood pressure (hypertension)Low blood pressure (hypotension)SweatingDilated pupilsMuscle spasmUrinary difficultyShallow respiration In extreme cases, temporary loss of sight, excessively rapid heart rate (tachycardia), and blackouts can occur, the conditions of which require emergency medical attention. Regular recreational use over a longer period of time can cause withdrawal symptoms, some that can be quite serious. Death has been known to occur from ingesting high amounts of the formulation too. Was this page helpful? Thanks for your feedback! Looking to avoid getting the flu? Our free guide has everything you need to stay healthy this season. Sign up and get yours today. Sign Up You're in! Thank you, {{form.email}}, for signing up. There was an error. Please try again. What are your concerns? Other Inaccurate Hard to Understand Submit Article Sources Verywell Health uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read our editorial process to learn more about how we fact-check and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy. Delsym 12 Hour Cough Relief Grape for Children and Adults. U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health. Revised June 2014. Green JL, Wang GS, Reynolds KM, et al. Safety profile of cough and cold medication use in pediatrics. Pediatrics. 2017;139(6). doi:10.1542/peds.2016-3070 Martinak B, Bolis RA, Black JR, Fargason RE, Birur B. Dextromethorphan in cough syrup: the poor man's psychosis. Psychopharmacol Bull. 2017;47(4):59–63. Shafi H, Imran M, Usman HF, et al. Deaths due to abuse of dextromethorphan sold over-the-counter in Pakistan. Egyptian Journal of Forensic Sciences. 2016;6(3):280-283. doi:10.1016/j.ejfs.2015.07.002. Additional Reading Logan B.; Goldfogel, G.; Hamilton, R. et al. "Five deaths resulting from abuse of dextromethorphan sold over the internet." J Anal Toxicol. 2009; 33(2):99-103. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. "Guidance on Dextromethorphan Polistirex." Silver Spring, Maryland; May 2008.